"Ecological" training in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu is a system of semi-live training that focuses less on drilling and more on using semi-live training as the exclusive way that techniques are learned. The idea is that some people have greater success transitioning from techniques learned in semi-live training to sparring as they are greater prepared to deal with a resisting opponent and greater problem-solving skills in the moment. Conversely, the lack of emphasis on drilling may result in a lack of ideal coordination and step-by-step understanding of the mechanics of a technique. An old, self-effacing joke about this particular downside goes, "Start moving so I can hit you," as, surprisingly, since we don't often practice striking someone who isn't defending themselves and is cooperating, the specific coordination and recognition of how to deal with that is sometimes actually just not there. Likewise, the refrain, "Punching bags don't hit back" or "Everybody has a plan until they get hit" points out the opposite pitfall, that too much shadow-boxing or pure drilling can lead you to excessively practice bad habits if you have never practiced trying to hit someone who is defending and counter-attacking.

‍